Internal-combustion engine.



W. G. ZHGLER.

INTERNAL COMBUS'I'ION ENGINE.

- APPLICATION man 0m, 2,0. 19:1.

3 SHEETS-SHEET i.

A mww W. 5. ZEEGLER. INTERNAL comausnow ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 20, 19W.

Patented Apr. 23 1918.

3 SHEETSSHET 2.

w.; e. ZHGLER. INTERNAL COMBUST |0N ENGINE.

. APPLICATION FILED 001.20, 1911. 1 63 ,992, I Pmmted Am. 23, 1918 a SHEETS-SHEET a.

51mm! F010 14. ZZ8

wwm we a & W- R g To all wliom; it may concern:

- Be it known that-I, WILnrAM G. ZEIGLER,

away with the ordinary" means connecting -m'rnnnan-connnsrron enema.

incense.

a citizen of the United States, residing" at Ch cago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Tmprovemen'ts 1n" Internal-Combustion Engines,

of which the following-is a specification. This invention relates to internal combustion,engines, the object in view being to propower, reliable duce an exceptionally high andlight weight motor particularly adapting the same for aviation or aeronautical use.

A further object of the invention duce an engine of fewparts, involving siniplicity of construction and operation, doing puppet valves, springs, tappets, cam shafts and all other incidental incumbrances and substituting therefor in connection with each cylinder a simple and. relia ble.lrotar continuously and positively operated by the same with the cran shaft.

With the above and other objects in view,-

the invention consists in thenovel construction, combination and arrangement of parts,

herein described, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a tion ofthe improved engine. looking toward the intake and exhaust side. a I Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section engine showing the way of gearing the valves together and rotatlng the same.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan view of the engine.

Fig. 5 is a top view of one of the liners.

Fig. 6 is a top view of oneof the valves.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary vertical section on an enlarged'scale showing the connection between each rotary valve: and the liner in which it rotates.

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of one of the valves.

In the accompanying drawings, T have shown an engine comprising four cylinders but it will become apparent as-the description proceeds that the invention applies equally as well to engines having any number of cylinders. The engine comprises the usualcrank shaft 1', connecting rods 2 and pistons It is preferred however to form Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed October 20 1917. Serial No.

. line with the longitudinal shaft 1 and the two sect'ons of the crank isto pro-- valve having a novel relation to the cylin er and piston and each cylinder is formed side elevation partlyin secthrough the Panama. as, rare. 197,650.

each piston with a concaved working face 4 m order to givethe' most eficient formation to the combustion chamber when the mixture is under compression or in other words when the piston 18 at the beginning of its working stroke.

The cylinders 5 are cast in a block 6 and the blbck 6-is cast or otherwise formed integrally' with the upper half 7 of the crank case, the lower half 8 of the crank case meeting the uppenhalf on alin'e substantially in axis of the crank case being secured together by means as shown.

and design of the fully appear as the fastening or otherwise formed of. aluminum or any other light weight metal. A water jacket 9 extends around each of the cylinders and with a large open- 1 g 10 extending through they head thereof, the purpose of which will be explained. The upper portion of each cylinder is made gradually contracting in diameter or is of frustoconical formation as'indicated at 11.

Inserted tightly in each cylinder is a liner 12 of cast iron or other suitable material, the liner 12 being the interior of the cylinder 5 and extending at its lower end below thebottom of the cylinder bore for a purpose which-will appear. The liner 12 has a cylindrical upper end portion 13 which extendsthrough theoylindrical opening in the top of the cylinder 5 and said portion 13 is formed with a rabbet and serves to firmly hold the liner 12 in place. The head portion 13 of the same general shape asv Under the construction engine which will more. description proceeds, the upper and lower sections? and 8 may be cast of the liner is also bored and threaded to receive a spark-plug l7. Thehead portion 13 of'the liner is irregular or non-circular in cross section as shown in Fig. 5, bein pro* vided with an offset or lip 20, the opening 10 in the head of the cylinder-also having a corresponding ofi'set portion 21 so, that when the liner is in position, it is'prevented'from turning within the cylinder. As shown in Fig. 5, the liner 12 is formed observed that said in the frusto I, v conical portion thereof with an intake port I 18 and an exhaust port 19 and itw'ill be 1'10 Mounted within tli of each cyl -j: i,

inder is a rotary valve 22 having thesame- 25 communicating with an intake maniffold 27 and the exhaust ports 26 communicating with exhaust pipes 28 which may be joined in the manifold if so desired. The valves 22 extend below the. lower ends of the liners 12 and'have ring gears 29 fast thereon and positioned against annular flanges 30 extending outwardly from and formed integrally with said\ valves.

l The flanges are periphe rally threaded to receive. ring couplings 31 which are threaded onrthe flanges 30 and which have inwardly extending flanges '32 which bear against other outwardly extending flanges 33 at the bottom of the liners 12., The construction just described provides for supporting the valves 22 in relation to the liners,'the latter beingsupported by the cyl-' inders. The ring gears 29 all mesh with 30 is imparted to the two en ring gears by pinions 34 located at opposite ends of the engine and having a fixed relation to pinion shafts 35 extending downwardly therefrom and journaled in bearing extensions '36 within the crank case, each of said bearing extensions embodying a removable bearing cap or section 37 secured in place by fastoning means 38. The shafts 35 carry at their lower ends bevelgears 39 which mesh with other bevel gears 40 on the crank shaft 1. Thus'continuous rotary motion is. imparted to all of the valves which rotate in-the direction indicated by arrows in Fig. 3.

Each coupling ring 31 is formed in the inner edge thereof with a plurality of lubricating. orifices 42 and the liner 12 is formed with lubricating holes 13 ;therethrough for conveyin oil to the'contacting surfaces of the liner and the'rotary valve, the pistons and inner surfaces of the valvesare lubricated by the splash system. By reason of the construction above de scribed an engine of long life, highspeed, .55

great power efliciency and reliability is obtained combined with light weight adapt.- ing it' for aeronautical purposes and a material redu'ction in the number of parts, the engine embodies an exceedingly simple valve construction which is positive in action and thetiming of which is perfect and -constant.

g .The ports are r large'size and capacity and form direct passages for-theintake and exy hmist. The' motorimproves with use whereas Q0- engines havingvalves' of 'the'puppettypedeany .type of carbureter.

each one. as shown in Fi 3 and motion teriorate or lose power rapidly. By reason of the fact that the :valve action is positive and does notdepend on the uncertain operation of springs, the power increases with the speed of the motor far beyond the point where the power of a puppet valve motor begins to fall ofi. Any coolingsystem may be employed in connection with the inn} proved engine and also any desired oiling system as well as any ignition system and we The particular formation of the-compression chamber gives a minimum surface area for the volume of gas, less head energy is lost through radiation and less cooling water is required to maintain the roper temperature. The result'is 'arelialile, smoothly running mechanism that will operate efficiently and consistently with much less care and attention than the engines now in general use. The 86 intake port of each cylinder may have a lag space or oflset recess 14 and the exhaust port may have a lead space or offset recess 45 if desired. It. is also proposed to spirally groove the. outer'surface of each of the rotary valves 22 so that the oil flowing in through the holes 43 will be carried upwardly to properly and thoroughly lubricatethe' contacting surfaces of the valves and liners. The ring. gears 29 are four times as large as the pinions 34 so that a. comparatively slow movement is imparted to the valves 22, each of said valves making one complete revolution to four 'complete'revolutions of the crank shaft. On 100 thisaccount the intake and exhaust ports 18 and 19 arearranged close together as shown in Fig. 5 while the ports 23 and 24:

of the valve are arranged one hundred and eighty degrees apart or diametrically opposite each other. The distance between the ports 18 and 19 represents the time consumed between the intake and exhaust strokes of the piston.

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having an upwardly contracting frusto-conical head portion formed with intake and exhaust ports,

and. also having an opening through the head thereof, a liner of the same general formation asthe interior of the cylinder fitted therein and having a head portion extending through and beyond the opening in the cylinder head, means engaging the head 12 portion of the liner for fastening the same in fixed relation to the head of the cylinder, 'a rotary valve of the same general formationas the interior of the liner, and means for preventing longitudinal movement of 1.25

said valve in relation to said liner, and a piston working'within and in contact with said valve.

2. In an 'internalcombustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having an up.

menace wardly contracting frusto-conical head por-' tlon formed with intake and exhaust and also havin head thereof liner of the same ports, an opening through the non-circular formation, a general formation as the interior of the, cylinderfitted therein and having a head portion extending through and" beyond the opening in the cylinder head, the last'named opening eorres'ponding in shape with the shape of the headmeans engaging theportion of the liner,

ead portion of the liner for 'fastening'the same 'in fixed relation to the head of the cylinder, a rotary valve of the samegeneral formation as the interior of the liner, and

-means for preventing.. longitudinalmovement of said valve in relation to said liner,

and a piston working within and in contact f with said valve.

] 3. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of'a' e linder having an upwardly contracting rusto-con'ical head portion formed with intake and exhaust ports, and also having an opening. through the head thereof, a liner of'the same general interior of the cylinder formation as the fitted'therein' and having ahead portion extending through and beyond the opening in the cylinder head, means engaging the head portion of thejliner for fastening the same in fixed relation to the head ofthe cylinder, a rotary valve of the same general forma tion as the interior of the liner, meansfor preventing longitudinal movement'of said 5 valve in relation to said liner, consisting of a nut threaded upon the head portion of the liner and bearing against the cylinder head,

and a piston working within and in contact with said valve. 40 41- In an internal .'combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having a frustoconical head-portion and also formed with an opening extending through the head thereof, a liner of corresponding forma- 45 tion fitted in said cylinderand having a I head-portion-extendingthrough said opening 1n the. cylinder head, liner retaining means engaging the cylinder head, said cylinder and the frusto-conical portion of the so liner being formed with alined intake and exhaust ports, a rotary valve of the same general formation as said liner mountedmthe latter and extending below the lower extremity of the liner, .the liner extendlng below the cylinder bore, and a coupling ring connecting said liner and valve to prevent longitudinal movement of. the latter, and a piston working within and in contact with saidvalve' co 5'- ln aniinternalcombustion engine, the vcombination. of a cylinder having an upwardly contracting frusto-eonical head portion formed with intake and exhaust ports, and also having an opening through the on 'headthereof, a liner of the same general foring diametrically thereof, a liner of the cylinder bore,

mation as the interior of the cylinder fitted therein and having a head portion extending through and beyond the opening in the cylinder head, means engaging the' head portion of the liner 'for fastening the same 7cin fixed relation to the head of the cylinder, a rotary valve of the same general'fora mation as; the interior of the liner, mean 1 for preventing longitudinal movement 0 said valve in relation to saidliner, a piston working within and in contact with said valve, and an ignition element inserted through thehead portion of the liner.

' 6. In an internal combustionengine, the combination of a ylinder having a frustoconical head portion and .also'formed with an opening extending through the head thereof, a liner of corresponding formationfitted in said cylinder and havmg ahead portion extending through said opening in the cylinder head, liner retaining means engaging the'cylinder head, said cylinder and the frusto-conical portion of the liner'beingformed with alined intake and exhaust I ports, a rotary valve of the same general to formation as said liner mounted in the latter: and extending below the cylinder bore, and

a coupling ring connecting. said liner and valve to prevent longitudinal movement of" the latter, and a pistonvwoi'king within and in contact with said'valve, said valve havopposite, ports to register with the intake and exhaust ports of the liner and cylinder, the last named ports be I ing out of diametrical line with ea'chother'. roe

In an internalcombustion engine-the combination of a cylinder having a frusto-v conical head portion and also formed with an opening extending through the head of corresponding formation fittedi'n saidcylinder audvhaving a head portion extending through said opening in the cylinder head, liner retaining means en-'- gaging the cylinder head, said cylinder and 4 the frusto-conical portion of the liner being no formed with 'alined intake 7 and exhaust ports,. a rotary valve of thesame general formation as said liner mounted in the latter and extending below the lower'extre'mity.

liner, the liner extending below the lit a coupling ring connecting said linerand valve to prevent longitudinal movement offithe latter, a piston working within and in contact with said valve, said liner being formed adjacent to the bottom are thereof with lubricating holes extending therethrough, and the coupling ring being formed inits inner edge with lubricating orifices. 1 i

8. Invan internal combustion conical head portion and also formed with an opening extending through the ahead thereof, aliner of corresponding ilormationv engine, the 112% comb nation of a cylinder havinga frusto- 'portioiileiitending through said opening in the cylinder head, liner retaining means engaging the cylinder head, said cylinder and in I the frusto-conical portion of the liner being ,Eormed with alined intake and exhaust porta a rotary valve of the same general cylinder bore, a' coupling ring connecting said liner and-valve to. prevent longitudinal movement of thelatter, a piston Working Within and in contact with said valve, said valve being provided with diametrically offset ports to register with the intake and last named ports being located on the same side of the engine, and driving means between the crank shaft and said valve whereby one complete revolution of the valve is efl'ected in four complete revolutions of the crank shaft.

In testimony whereof I aflixmy signature.

WILLIAM GEORGE ZEIGLER.

. exhaust ports of the liner and cylinder, the- 

